A living balance sheet for the United States

Doom Thesis

The promises are long dated. The refinancing is not.

Gross federal debt, Social Security and Medicare shortfalls—measured against the households and companies expected to carry them.

Data through
01 / The Numbers

The liability stack

Present-value estimates are stocks. Income and interest are annual flows. The ratios deliberately show how many current income-years sit beneath the obligation.

Total measured liabilities Debt + Social Security + Medicare
Per household Across households
Mean after-tax income BLS consumer unit,
Liabilities / mean income Approximate after-tax income-years
Federal net interest 2026 current-curve model
Explicit interest / public earnings Debt service only; excludes future program gaps
Current composition

What sits behind the headline

LiabilityTotalPer householdDefinition
Debt added since 2000 Gross public debt above the 1999 year-end baseline
Cumulative public-company income Reported quarterly net income, including 2026 filings
Debt accumulation gap Debt accrued minus cumulative company income
Debt added / cumulative income Dollar-for-dollar cumulative comparison
Daily source · annual endpoints displayed

Cumulative public-company profit versus debt added

Trillions since 2000; earnings enter when quarterly filings become public

The income series is point-in-time and survivorship-safe: U.S. domestic common stocks enter only during their public pricing windows; delisted companies remain in history; each ARQ filing adds that quarter’s net income, and later restatements add only the revision delta. The 2026 point includes filings through July 31.

Download daily cumulative CSV
02 / Households

More obligation, per household

The relevant income benchmark is survey income—not a national-accounts aggregate divided by household count.

Liability components

Total U.S. liabilities

Nominal trillions of dollars

Household burden

Liability income-years

Per-household liability divided by mean after-tax income

today
Selected years

Liabilities versus household income

Income after 2023 carries forward the latest BLS observation and is explicitly marked.
YearTotal liabilitiesPer householdMean after-tax incomeIncome-yearsStatus
03 / The Household Squeeze

Interest versus discretionary income

Discretionary income means after-tax income left after food at home, housing, transportation, healthcare, and insurance and pensions.

2023 / aligned actuals

of household discretionary income

Federal interest was against an estimated nationwide discretionary-income pool.

2026 / current-curve model

of the latest measured pool

Federal interest is now approximately per household, holding the latest measured discretionary-income benchmark constant.

Discretionary income by quintile

The average hides the distribution

Highest 20%$96k
Fourth 20%$35k
Middle 20%$15k
Second 20%$2k
Lowest 20%−$11k

The 2026 interest allocation per household is roughly half of the middle quintile’s entire measured discretionary income. This is a scale comparison, not a literal household bill.

04 / Carrying Cost

The refinancing arrives

The projection replays Treasury’s security-level maturity schedule at the current curve and follows public-debt targets from the federal baseline.

Explicit debt service Current annual interest
Annualized promise funding Level payment on the 75-year PV gaps
All-in annual equivalent per household
All-in / public earnings of household discretionary income

The first number is a current cash outlay. The second converts the Social Security and Medicare present-value gaps into a level 75-year real payment at the Trustees’ 2.3% intermediate real discount rate. They answer different questions; together they show the annual economic funding burden if the promises are honored without allowing the gaps to compound.

2004–2026 · constant-method history

Annual fiscal burden versus U.S. public-company net income

Each historical Social Security and Medicare present-value gap is converted using the same 2.3% real, 75-year annuity factor

YearInterestAnnualized gapsCombinedPublic net incomeInterest / NICombined / NI

Ratios are not meaningful in 2009 because aggregate public-company net income was negative. The 2026 point uses the current-curve interest model and rolling four-quarter company income.

Actual through 2025 · model thereafter

Federal net interest versus U.S. public-company net income

Annual trillions; company income is point-in-time rolling four-quarter Sharadar data

Treasury maturity wall

Original principal coming due

Trillions by fiscal year; cumulative share of the starting portfolio

Forward table

Interest burden, 2026–2030

YearInterestPublic net incomeRatio
05 / Productivity

More capital, modest output

Physical power output, corporate cash conversion, and economy-wide output per hour expose different layers of productivity. Together they show where investment is—and is not—turning into measurable output.

Real utility capex / MWh the 2004 level
Operating-company FCF margin Rolling four quarters as of
Aggregate productivity growth Output-per-hour CAGR, 2004–2025
Latest quarterly productivity growth annualized; year over year
2004 = 100 · capex inflation-adjusted

Utility capital investment versus U.S. power generation

Sharadar U.S. Utilities-sector capex compared with EIA total generation across all sectors

This is a system-level capital-intensity measure, not a levelized cost of electricity. Sharadar Utilities includes gas, water, and multi-utilities; EIA generation includes independent, commercial, and industrial generators.

U.S. public operating companies

Aggregate free-cash-flow margin

Completed annual history through 2025; current 2026 point is rolling four quarters

BLS nonfarm business

Output-per-hour growth

Completed annual-average growth through 2025 and trailing five-year trend

06 / Read the Fine Print

Definitions matter

What the Doom Index includes

What “unfunded” means

Social Security and Medicare are changing 75-year present-value projection gaps, not fixed bonds or legal invoices. They move with demographics, benefits, taxes, healthcare costs and discount rates.

What income means

What the ratio means

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